Glossary of Terms--Russian History
EVENTS
Revolution of 1905 - popular revolt stemming from outrage over
Bloody Sunday which lead to liberal reforms.
Bloody Sunday (Jan 1905) - massacre of many innocent women and
children outside of the winter palace when radical elements provoked
imperial guards.
October Manifesto (1905) - liberal reforms including formation of
the Duma and freedom of speech.
Bosnian Crisis of 1908 - Izvolsky's failed plan to secure
Constantinople by agreeing to Austria's annexation of
Bosnia-Herzegovina if they would support the plan.
World War I (1914 -1917) - Who doesn't know what this is?
Battle at Tannenberg (1914) - Battle in World War I that decimated
Russian Army, exposed Poland and crippled Russia for the rest of the
war.
Loss of Poland (1915) - Russia loses Poland (Industry & RR base)
Land Reform (1906) - implemented by Prime minister Stolypin.
peasants allowed to privately own farm land, helps modernize
agricultural practices.
Russo-Japanese War (1904) -conflict with Japan over sphere of
influence in Manchuria.
Battle of Tsushima - Russo-Japanese naval battle in which the
majority of Russian reinforcements were destroyed by the Japanese
fleet before relieving forces on the front.
Battle of Mukden - decisive land battle of Russo Japanese war in
which Russia sustained massive casualties.
Triple Entente (1907) -loose alliance between Russia, England,
France.
Russian-Chinese Friendship Treaty (1896) - Russian funds used in
conjunction with the Chinese government with the intention of
creating a bank to fund the Trans-Siberian Railroad and develop
Manchuria.
Boxer Rebellion (1899) -Violent popular revolt in China intended to
drive out foreign imperialists impinging on Chinese territory.
PEOPLE
Czar Nicholas II - last Czar of Russia and last of the Romanov
dynasty.
Czarina Alexandra - wife of Nicholas II and Czarina of Russia
Czarevitch Alexei - only son of Nicholas II and Alexandra. Had
hemophilia
Rasputin - advisor to imperial family, helped relieve Alexei’s
symptoms, purported to possess psychic powers.
Prince Lvov - took over after Nicholas abdicated. First president of
the PRG.
Alexander Izvolsky - Russian prime minister, involved in Crisis of
1908
Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal - Austrian prime minister, involved in
Crisis of 1908
Stolypin - organized land reforms. Russian Prime Minister from
1906-1911.
Mirsky - Prime minister fired by Czar after Revolution of 1905
General Trepov - repressive prime minister after Mirsky was fired.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand - Crown Prince of Austria assassinated by a
Serb. Assassination sparked World War I.
Gavrilo Princip - radical assassin of Franz Ferdinand
Bolsheviks - (literal meaning: majority) The minority and more
radical of the two sections of Socialists. Eventually took over in
the Red October of 1917. Led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin.
Mensheviks - (literal meaning: minority) The majority and more
conservative of the two sections of Socialists.
TERMS
Duma - Russian Parliament instituted by the October Manifesto.
Okhrona - Czarist secret police
Potemkin - battleship that mutinied under Trepov’s repression and
trained its guns on St. Petersburg.
Blank Check - From Germany to Austrians
Scrap of Paper - Neutrality of Belgium
Black Hundreds - former soldiers who hunted and killed liberals,
radicals etc.
Kulaks - Russian middle class farmers, created after Land Reforms
PRG - provisional revolutionary government.
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OVERVIEW!
Written by: Amanda Morish &
Paige
Greco
Edited by:
Paige Greco
Graphic by:
Paige
Greco
Web Editor: Gordon Lathrop